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United Kingdom

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Overfishing and the Replacement of Demersal Finfish by Shellfish: An Example from the English Channel
When overfishing occurs in various parts of the world, the response from industry is usually always the same: rather than reducing fishing efforts (or abandoning the practice), they simply fish further down the food chain (or "trophic levels") until those species are also depleted, and continue the process downwards. This long-ranging study examining statistics from the past 90 years, finds that fishing in the English Channel has followed this same destructive pattern of fishing down trophic levels, with devastating results. The findings show that serious measures need to be taken to stop fishing in certain areas and governments have to take a more proactive role in marine protection, otherwise overfishing of marine species will have irrecoverable consequences. READ MORE

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UK Funders Demand Strong Statistics for Animal Studies
In animal experimentation, the replacement of animals wherever possible, reduction of the number of animals tested on, and refinement of experiments to use fewer animals is known as the "3 Rs." This guideline is supposed to govern a great deal of animal experimentation around the world, yet many millions of animals are still used in laboratories every year. In the U.K., a research council has presented 2015 guidelines instructing that "funding applicants must now show that their work will provide statistically robust results or risk having their grant application rejected." This may mean that researchers have to use more animals in experiments or they risk having their funding cut. READ MORE

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Normalizing the Unthinkable: The Ethics of Using Animals in Research
Despite years of advocate opposition and growing concern from the general public, animal experimentation remains an entrenched part of most of the scientific establishment. This publication from the U.K., prepared by Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics, looks to challenge the practice of animal experimentation from every angle: scientific, financial, institutional, and ethical. The paper brings together a plethora of sources into one comprehensive document that argues that animal experiments are ethically unsupportable and create bad science. READ MORE

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International Survey: The Future is Animal Free
Fashion trends shift as quickly as the seasons change, but longer-term, larger trends can be mapped through research. A study of 3,600 consumers, conducted by ISPO for the Italian Fur Free Alliance, looked at the trend in buying and wearing animal-free clothing, across a number of countries in the European Union. The research finds that the options for animal-free clothing products are growing in popularity by almost all measures. In addition, they are also increasingly seen as "trendy," and preferable to animal-based alternatives. READ MORE

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‘Never an It’: Intersubjectivity and the Creation of Animal Personhood in Animal Shelters
In this paper, Nicola Taylor asks sociologists to open themselves up to the further study of human-animal relationships, and specifically the way that identity and subjecthood is constructed across the human-animal dualism. Using two animal shelters from the U.K. as case studies, Taylor examines the way that animals living at those shelters are treated as persons and accorded personhood through the actions of shelter staff. Taking account of the processes of naming animals, as well as how individuals are placed into homes, Taylor shows that shelter staff take great consideration and labor in making sure that the animals in their care are taken seriously as individuals and persons. READ MORE
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