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Meat / Animal Product Consumption

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The Future of Pork Production in the World: Towards Sustainable, Welfare-Positive Systems
This study speculates on forthcoming global trends in pig farming, beginning from the position that as human population grows, so too will "pork" production. The author considers issues of sustainability, defined broadly in terms of environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and animal welfare. Looking at three animal welfare issues in particular -- "indoor" vs. "outdoor" production, gestation crating vs. pens, and male pig castration, the author outlines what he believes to be important ethical and economic considerations within each. The author takes exponential human population growth as a given, and a clear indicator that our "need" for pork will continue to rise, and always from the bottom line that "if a farming system is not economically competitive, it cannot survive." READ MORE

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Factors Determining the Choice of Hunting and Trading Bushmeat in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania
A study published in Conservation Biology, in which the authors spoke with 325 actors involved directly in the bushmeat trade in Tanzania, offers interesting insight into possible factors that might contribute to a reduction in bushmeat hunting, trade, and consumption. Researchers found that options such as alternative employment in jobs with comparable daily salary, or giving hunters animals for farming purposes, were potentially more effective than heavy fines or increased enforcement. READ MORE

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Acceptability of Electrical Stunning and Post-Cut Stunning Among Muslim Communities: A Possible Dialogue
As Muslim populations in Europe increase, so too does friction between European regulations for humane slaughter (which require stunning) and traditional methods of Jewish and Muslim slaughter, which specifically prohibit animals from sustaining injury prior to cutting of the neck. Though Halal and Kosher slaughter are exempt from the same rules on stunning, as populations increase, the pressure for updating traditional practices builds. Using Reggio Emilia in Italy (with a Muslim population of 10.1%) as a case study, researchers gathered together various stakeholders in the Muslim community for an open dialogue on whether or not methods of stunning could be employed during slaughter in a way that still met with ritual requirements. Slaughter demonstrations were held and those in attendance of these demonstrations showed interest in the proposals and further dialogue is ongoing. READ MORE

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Fisheries of the United States (2012)
In this annual report covering 2012, the U.S. government estimates that commercial fish "landings" totaled 9.6 billion pounds for the year (fish deaths are measured in pounds, not individual lives). This represented a 2.3% decrease from the previous year (2011). Measured in value, commercial landings in 2012 were estimated to be $5.1 billion, 3.2% lower than in 2011. Recreational fishing accounted for 380 million individual fish being caught in 2012, with 60% of those fish being released, according to survey results. READ MORE

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Understanding Vocalization Might Help to Assess Stressful Conditions in Piglets
In this study, the vocalizations of 22-week-old piglets were recorded while they were subjected to mild stress conditions of cold, pain, and hunger. The vocalizations were analyzed with computer software, and compared to recordings made when the piglets were not stressed. The vocalizations under each condition were distinct in the computer analysis, but only the pain vocalizations could be identified by the unaided human ear. READ MORE
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